Imagine you are standing on a hill overlooking the Arctic tundra. One friend stands to one side, another friend stands on the other side. Your friend on the right says, 'Look there, can you see the Reindeer?' before you can reply, the other friend asks, 'Look there, can you see the Caribou?' You may think you are looking for two different animals, but reindeer and caribou are one and the same species and comparing Caribou vs Reindeer will reveal only slight differences in behavior based on where herds of these animals live.
What's the Difference Between Reindeer and Caribou?
There is a reindeer and Christmas tree which only require multiple translations to create, the other snow man and reindeer involve a mixture of rotations, reflections and translations. All the worksheets are as pictures to help preserve the positions of each piece that needs to be transformed. With his new reindeer lower body complete, Silver watched his fur spread more and more, covering his whole body, resulting in him removing his shirt. The fur spread up his neck and absorbed his hair. The fur then stopped for a short time, leaving Silver with his human hands and face. The boy began to laugh, loving his transformation. Thanks for watching, please like & subscribe for more transformations if you enjoyed:) - Artist: Songs: - Please note: i do NOT take credit for any of. While their colors and size vary, reindeer are invariably stocky, with thick necks, big hooves and square noses. A male reindeer's transformation from October to November. Reindeer are the same.
The different names 'Caribou' and 'Reindeer' are both used for the species Rangifer tarandus depending on where you are in the world. However, one of the most interesting things you'll find when comparing Caribou vs Reindeer is that this species can (and often does) behave differently in those different regions … so Reindeer and Caribou do end up having some differences even though they are the same species. These differences mainly center on herd migration (Caribou do it, Reindeer don't).
It's sort of a nurture vs nature thing.
Where the animals live dictate their behavior, and that behavior has changed the species in slight ways, making Reindeer and Caribou somewhat unique animals.
That may seem strange, but it is all about the range of these animals, and (to a lesser extent) their direct relationship with humans.
Geography
At the most basic level, the difference between Reindeer and Caribou is one of geography: Reindeer are in Europe and Asia, while Caribou are in North America.
However, there are more subtle factors that separate these two animals, and it has a lot to do with how they have evolved to survive and thrive in those specific global regions.
The Migrations of Caribou
Caribou in Canada are famous for their massive migrations, which is one of the longest of any land mammal.
Caribou move in massive herds and roam thousands of miles each year. These deer herds can number in the tens of thousands as they migrate between breeding and winter grounds.
And Caribou are massive animals with large antlers – something that makes the sight of this migration all the more impressive to behold.
Reindeer – The Homebodies
Reindeer, on the other hand, just don't have the same wanderlust as Caribou.
Many Reindeer herds will stay in the same locations and not migrate the way Caribou do. Perhaps this is because domestication of reindeer is much more pronounced than it is for Caribou. In fact, the biggest difference you'll find in a Caribou vs Reindeer comparison is that Reindeer are domesticated.
Domestication has affected their behavior in unique ways.
Domestication: Caribou vs Reindeer
Humans and Reindeer have been working together for 5,000 years, and the link between our species is strong.
We brought these animals from the Boreal forests in Northern Europe and Asia. Then we made them beasts of burden, and used them for resources. Thus, a new relationship was born.
Early in this relationship, Reindeer were still wild. Over time, and with more interaction with humans, the wild Reindeer were domesticated. They became content to stay in smaller spaces and not migrate … even if their herds were living in the wild and followed by nomadic groups of humans who relied on them for survival.
As Reindeer settled in northern Europe and Asia, humans found an animal that provided a rich resource to rival the cow in southern climates. Star wars admiral trench. One that could survive the harsh winter conditions of the north.
Over thousands of years, we have kept Reindeer hides to make clothes and shelter, cultivate them for meat, and used antlers and bones to create weapons, tools, utensils, and other items.
Let's not forget, reindeer have also been kept for companionship and periodic light labor (we're looking at you, Santa!).
Reindeer and Humans Today
In more modern times, Reindeer have become one of our most beloved animals.
In 1837, Clement Clarke Moore wrote T'was the Night Before Christmas (A Visit from St Nicholas). His poem in many ways formed our popular idea of Christmas, Santa Claus, and the mythology around the yuletide holiday. One of the most endearing and enduring parts of the story is Santa's sleigh pulled through the air by magical Reindeer.
The deep connection between humans and Reindeer continues to this day.
In the more remote regions of the Arctic, people still heavily rely on reindeer in day-to-day life.
Wild Caribou
While Caribou in North America are used by humans, they never went through the domestication process 'Reindeer' in Europe and Asia did.
In Canada, these animals remain wild and more in tune with what they were 5,000 years ago across the continent, especially the northern Canadian regions.
Over the years, domesticated Reindeer have become shorter and stockier.
Caribou remain strong, svelte, and massive.
How Domestication Changed Reindeer
Reindeer Transformation
Over thousands of years, Reindeer have gone through a transformation thanks to their reliance on humans.
They have thicker fur and have become much more sedentary. They stick to grazing ranges instead of embarking on seasonal journeys the way their North American counterparts do.
It is also worth noting that the breeding season for reindeer has moved with time, now happening earlier in the year and sooner than the caribou season.
It is this wild nature that separates the caribou from the reindeer. Yes, they are exactly the same species, but as you can see, they are quite different animals.
Reindeer Transformation Stories
That said, wild reindeer populations still exist in Norway, Russia, and Greenland.
They are not as widespread as Caribou herds in Canada. But the do face the same ecological challenges, such as predation, climate change, and proximity to humans.
These wild Reindeer are much more in touch with Caribou behavior. One key difference is that they still don't engage in the same massive migrations.
Summary of the Facts: Comparing Caribou vs Reindeer
- Reindeer and Caribou are the same deer species (Rangifer tarandus). European and Asian animals are called Reindeer, while they are Caribou in North America.
- Domesticated Caribou are called Reindeer in all locations around the world, including in North America.
- Both Male and female Reindeer grow antlers and compared to their size, Reindeer have the largest and heaviest antlers in the deer family.
- Reindeer are built for the coldest of climates. They have hair on every part of their body, including their hooves. They are also the only deer species to have hair covering their nose.
- Caribou spend their days in groups of between ten and a few hundred animals, but form herds of tens of thousands for their migrations.
- Caribou migrations are among the longest of all terrestrial mammals.
- Reindeer are the only truly domesticated deer species.
And Caribou are massive animals with large antlers – something that makes the sight of this migration all the more impressive to behold.
Reindeer – The Homebodies
Reindeer, on the other hand, just don't have the same wanderlust as Caribou.
Many Reindeer herds will stay in the same locations and not migrate the way Caribou do. Perhaps this is because domestication of reindeer is much more pronounced than it is for Caribou. In fact, the biggest difference you'll find in a Caribou vs Reindeer comparison is that Reindeer are domesticated.
Domestication has affected their behavior in unique ways.
Domestication: Caribou vs Reindeer
Humans and Reindeer have been working together for 5,000 years, and the link between our species is strong.
We brought these animals from the Boreal forests in Northern Europe and Asia. Then we made them beasts of burden, and used them for resources. Thus, a new relationship was born.
Early in this relationship, Reindeer were still wild. Over time, and with more interaction with humans, the wild Reindeer were domesticated. They became content to stay in smaller spaces and not migrate … even if their herds were living in the wild and followed by nomadic groups of humans who relied on them for survival.
As Reindeer settled in northern Europe and Asia, humans found an animal that provided a rich resource to rival the cow in southern climates. Star wars admiral trench. One that could survive the harsh winter conditions of the north.
Over thousands of years, we have kept Reindeer hides to make clothes and shelter, cultivate them for meat, and used antlers and bones to create weapons, tools, utensils, and other items.
Let's not forget, reindeer have also been kept for companionship and periodic light labor (we're looking at you, Santa!).
Reindeer and Humans Today
In more modern times, Reindeer have become one of our most beloved animals.
In 1837, Clement Clarke Moore wrote T'was the Night Before Christmas (A Visit from St Nicholas). His poem in many ways formed our popular idea of Christmas, Santa Claus, and the mythology around the yuletide holiday. One of the most endearing and enduring parts of the story is Santa's sleigh pulled through the air by magical Reindeer.
The deep connection between humans and Reindeer continues to this day.
In the more remote regions of the Arctic, people still heavily rely on reindeer in day-to-day life.
Wild Caribou
While Caribou in North America are used by humans, they never went through the domestication process 'Reindeer' in Europe and Asia did.
In Canada, these animals remain wild and more in tune with what they were 5,000 years ago across the continent, especially the northern Canadian regions.
Over the years, domesticated Reindeer have become shorter and stockier.
Caribou remain strong, svelte, and massive.
How Domestication Changed Reindeer
Reindeer Transformation
Over thousands of years, Reindeer have gone through a transformation thanks to their reliance on humans.
They have thicker fur and have become much more sedentary. They stick to grazing ranges instead of embarking on seasonal journeys the way their North American counterparts do.
It is also worth noting that the breeding season for reindeer has moved with time, now happening earlier in the year and sooner than the caribou season.
It is this wild nature that separates the caribou from the reindeer. Yes, they are exactly the same species, but as you can see, they are quite different animals.
Reindeer Transformation Stories
That said, wild reindeer populations still exist in Norway, Russia, and Greenland.
They are not as widespread as Caribou herds in Canada. But the do face the same ecological challenges, such as predation, climate change, and proximity to humans.
These wild Reindeer are much more in touch with Caribou behavior. One key difference is that they still don't engage in the same massive migrations.
Summary of the Facts: Comparing Caribou vs Reindeer
- Reindeer and Caribou are the same deer species (Rangifer tarandus). European and Asian animals are called Reindeer, while they are Caribou in North America.
- Domesticated Caribou are called Reindeer in all locations around the world, including in North America.
- Both Male and female Reindeer grow antlers and compared to their size, Reindeer have the largest and heaviest antlers in the deer family.
- Reindeer are built for the coldest of climates. They have hair on every part of their body, including their hooves. They are also the only deer species to have hair covering their nose.
- Caribou spend their days in groups of between ten and a few hundred animals, but form herds of tens of thousands for their migrations.
- Caribou migrations are among the longest of all terrestrial mammals.
- Reindeer are the only truly domesticated deer species.
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- By Michael Scollon
The indigenous peoples of Russia's Far North are sounding the alarm as climate change encroaches on their traditional lifestyle. But the message from the 'guardians of the Arctic' isn't reaching Moscow, which sees gold and other economic benefits in the melting of the ice.
The record warming of Russia's Arctic, Siberian, and Far East territories poses an existential threat to the indigenous peoples whose lives and livelihoods have been intrinsically wedded to the climate for centuries.
Ominous signs have already emerged from the thaw: thinning reindeer herds and fish stocks, drying lakes, and forest fires. And with the Kremlin's long-term strategy to take advantage of newly opened waters and develop the resource-rich tundra come new dangers.
Herders and fishermen find themselves competing with large enterprises for untainted water and space for reindeer on the move. The arrival of construction workers has raised fears of the spread of the coronavirus. And industrial accidents have led to increased worries about large-scale efforts to extract minerals, elements, and offshore natural gas and oil reserves and ship them year-round along the Arctic coast.
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'Over the next 15 years, many aboriginal peoples living in the Arctic region will face serious challenges to their ethnic survival as a result of climate change, its influence on their traditional natural-resource use on the one hand and the ever-expanding access to hydrocarbons and other deposits and the new economic boom in the Arctic initiated by this strategy on the other,' the Aborigen Forum, an alliance of independent experts, activists, and indigenous leaders, warned upon approval in October of Russia's updated development plans for the Arctic zone.
The strategy, extended to the year 2035, notes that temperatures in the region are warming at least twice as fast as the global average and makes capitalizing on that reality a top priority. It calls for the Arctic to account for more than a quarter of the country's crude oil production by that time, up from the current 17 percent. The production of liquefied natural gas (LNG) is to rise tenfold over current levels, and a growing army of icebreakers and new ports and terminals will pave the way for global shipping along the Northern Sea Route to more than quadruple.
'Russia's Arctic looks very huge, but more and more commercial projects are coming,' said Rodion Sulyandziga, director of the independent Center For The Support Of Indigenous Peoples Of The North (CSIPN). Speaking by telephone from Moscow, he added the laying of new pipelines and efforts to mine coal, gold, and diamonds to the list of industrial encroachment on lands that indigenous peoples rely upon.
Not So NGO
'Of course, we are not opposed to economic development,' Sulyandziga stressed, saying that indigenous peoples themselves require resources to develop. But what is badly needed, he added, are 'very strong relations between indigenous peoples and the private sector.'
Establishing such a bridge has proven to be a challenge, according to Sulyandziga.
CSIPN itself was ordered by a Moscow court in 2019 to disband due to alleged violations of Russia's NGO law. The shutdown, which CSIPN is challenging in court, followed the Russian authorities' blacklisting of the NGO as a 'foreign agent' in 2015 -- a label that was removed after the organization subsequently renounced foreign funding.
Another organization Sulyandziga worked for, the Russian Association of the Indigenous Peoples of the North (RAIPON), was briefly shut down before it was restructured and allowed to reopen in 2013.
The organization continues under the leadership of a parliament deputy, Grigory Ledkov, but Sulyandziga lamented its transformation into a 'completely governmental NGO' as a blow to the indigenous peoples' efforts to achieve self-governance and protect their own rights.
'Our capacity is very limited, because the Russian power vertical is at all levels, not just the political level but at the business level, and they need such comfortable organizations such as RAIPON to support any initiative,' Sulyandziga said.
That is not to say RAIPON is not active, just that it is quasi-independent.
This year the organization has worked to highlight the decreasing numbers of reindeer in the Taimyr nature reserve in north-central Siberia, noting the disturbances to natural habitats caused by increased industrialization and mineral exploitation.
In April, it acknowledged the threat the coronavirus pandemic posed to indigenous peoples living in remote and often inaccessible places. Over the next few months multiple regions that are home to populations of indigenous peoples -- the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug, Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, and Murmansk Oblast -- posted some of the country's highest numbers of coronavirus infections.
And following a massive oil spill in May outside the mining city of Norilsk that entered local rivers and threatened to contaminate the Kara Sea, RAIPON's Ledkov stressed the serious harm that such accidents could inflict on the local ecology and residents.
However, in each case, RAIPON also positively highlighted the government's response, raising questions about whether the voices of the peoples it represents were being heard.
Russia officially recognizes its indigenous groups not as indigenous at all, but as 'numerically small peoples,' a classification that highlights the difficulties of 270,000 people collectively belonging to 46 such groups getting their voices heard in the capital.
The Sami, Nenets, Nganasan, Yenets, Dolgan, and Evenks are among the indigenous groups listed in a RAIPON-compiled registry that Ledkov has argued is intended to protect their rights and which will make them eligible to receive state support. But under a recent decree the registered groups' relations with the Russian state will also be paid special attention by the Federal Security Service (FSB), a move that is purportedly aimed to help fight extremism but that critics argue is really intended to control indigenous activists.
Humans And Resources
Florian Stammler, a research professor for Arctic anthropology at the Arctic Center at the University of Lapland in Finland, has spent much of his career working in Russia.
He said that it is the indigenous peoples' interaction with the natural environment 'that feeds people, that keeps people warm, that keeps people sheltered, and that gives people their income.'
Not only indigenous peoples are affected by the warming climate of Russia's Arctic, Stammler explained. The difference, he said, is that with the indigenous peoples their livelihood is not connected to the environment just for sustaining basic needs, but 'culturally specific needs such as emotional, spiritual, and mental well-being, and everything that is connected to it.'
This is especially true of the nomadic population of the Arctic, he said, 'and it is safe to say that of all Arctic countries, Russia is the country where nomadism has survived best, which is kind of funny because the Soviet Union had an official ideology of transferring people to a sedentary life.'
With limited options for Russia's indigenous peoples to steer their own course, pressure from business and government, and the harsh realities of climate change, their ways of traditional life again face immense hurdles.
Sulyandziga acknowledged that it is a difficult time for CSIPN, whose appeal against its dissolution is soon due to reach the Supreme Court. But he said the embattled NGO is maintaining visibility and relations with outside organizations through online workshops, seminars, and other activities.
Meanwhile, Russia is preparing to present its Arctic policies on a global scale when it takes over the two-year chairmanship of the intergovernmental Arctic Council in 2021. Senior Russian official Nikolai Korchunov has listed environmental protection, sustainable development, and the 'human element' -- inhabitants of the Arctic including indigenous peoples -- as its top priorities.
Sulyandziga is skeptical, saying that, while he sees positives in Russia promoting those priorities, 'we do understand how it works in reality.'
'The Arctic is the last platform for Russia to keep good relations in terms of international cooperation and trying to keep the Arctic a very peaceful territory of dialogue,' he said. 'But again, nobody can influence Russia in terms of their own dreams of Arctic development based on the exploitation of natural resources. '
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